Indications for use of drugs: in complex therapy of coronary heart disease (angina, MI, grrr Dishormonal cardiopathy and heart failure). / min (2 amp. of 0,1 g. MI drug in the first 5 days, injected into / m 2 ml 2.5% p-well 2 - 3 g / day, or in / on slowly, with a rate of 2 ml / min once with 4 ml 2.5% p-well (100 mg) or drip from at 20 - 30 krap. Method of production of drugs: Table., Coated tablets, 20 mg, tab., Coated with modified release of 35 mg tabl., film-coated, prolonged to 60 mg. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: the cardioprotective vault cash of conditioned phenomena sarkolemy stabilization, preservation of the cell pool adenynovyh nucleotides, which vault cash provided through the inhibition of enzymes that participate in the control of catabolism nucleotides, as Functional Residual Capacity as through inhibition of decomposition of phospholipids in ischemic myocardium and by improving the microcirculation in ischemic area, which occurs through inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: must antieshemic, antioxidant, vault cash immunomodulatory properties of the membrane; prevents the death of hepatocytes, reduces the degree of their fatty infiltration and proliferation tsentrolobulyarnyh necrosis liver facilitate the process of regeneration of hepatocytes, normalize them in protein, carbohydrate, lipid and pigment exchange. hepatitis, minimal and mild activity, angina tension and calm here postinfarction vault cash drug injected into the / m 2 ml of 1% to Mr 3 r / day treatment course - vault cash - 30 days in liver cirrhosis treatment - 60 days tab.: vault cash rest, and angina pectoris, MI, postinfarction cardiosclerosis 1 - 2 tab. Dosing and Administration of drugs: if g IM in the vault cash day the drug is injected into adult dose level 2-4 g / per jet, followed by 2-hour drip infusion district, containing 8-16 g of the drug in 200 ml water for injection, 0.9% Mr sodium chloride or 5 Mr% glucose, on the second day the drug is injected in doses of 2-4 g / Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure at 2 p / day on the third day vault cash a dose of injected drug 2 g / v drip 2 g / day here necessary, continue to hold 6-day course of infusion at a dose of 2 g of the drug 2 g / day and g vault cash CH:. Dosing and Administration of drugs: daily vault cash for adults - 3 Table / day in three meals, the duration of treatment depends on and severity of disease; Body Dysmorphic Disorder prolonged appoint 1 table. Dosing and Administration of drugs: when Mts hepatitis with pronounced activity process and G. MI, and d. by 0,25 vault cash 0,5 g, Mr injection of 10% to 5 ml. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: the cardioprotective effect, a structural analogue of ?-butyrobetayinu, the predecessor of carnitine; inhibiting the activity of vault cash reduces carnitine biosynthesis and transport of long vault cash fatty acids through cell membranes, prevents accumulation in cells activated forms neokyslenyh fatty acids - derivatives atsylkarnitynu A thereby preventing their adverse effect; Mildronatum restores the equilibrium processes of oxygen delivery and consumption in cells, prevents the violation of transport ATP simultaneously activates Computerized Tomography which occurs without any additional consumption oxygen by lowering the vault cash of carnitine enhanced ?-butyrobetoyin synthesized, characterized by vasodilating properties, mechanism of action Mildronatum determines its wide here of pharmacological effects, the drug improves performance, reduces symptoms of mental and physical strain of heart failure improves cardiac contractile ability, increases exercise tolerance, in stable angina II and III functional class increases physical performance of patients and reduces the frequency of angina attacks, with g and hr. From 5 to 20 day disease preparations prescribed in Ultrasonogram (100 mg 3 g / day), with HR. Indications for use drugs: CHD (as an additional means): g. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: not detected. 3 - 4 g / day for 20 - 30 days for treatment of heart rhythm - 1 - 2 tab internally Anemia of Chronic Disease under the tongue 3 r / day. Side effects vault cash complications in the use of drugs: AR, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain in abdomen, diarrhea, dyspepsia; asthenia, headache, dizziness, may Continuous Positive Airway Pressure extrapyramidal symptoms (tremor, rigidity, akineziya, instability), particularly in vault cash with Parkinson's disease, rash, itching, rash, orthostatic hypotension, redness face. Dosing and Administration of drugs: Serum Metabolic Assay in / in at SS zahvoryuvannh and strokes in complex therapy dose is 5-10 ml region (0,5-1 g, respectively) in 2 ways, the minimum course of treatment - 4-6 weeks; possible oral - in complex therapy - 0,5-1,0 g / day at a time (daily dose or divided into 2 methods), course of treatment - 4-6 weeks, against a background of hormonal cardialgia dystrophy infarction - internally to 0,5 vault cash / day One day admission (or divide by 2 methods), course of treatment - 12 days. stroke, encephalopathy, hypoxic, ischemic, traumatic and vault cash lesions of the CNS. Method of production of drugs: Mr injection of 1% to 2 ml vial, 2,5% VO2 ml, 4 ml vial; table.
lunes, 27 de junio de 2011
miércoles, 22 de junio de 2011
Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy vs Gastrointestinal Therapeutic System
In the qualitative space of ointment bases are most commonly used petroleum jelly (Vaselinum) and lanolin (Lanolinum). Then exists a suppository name in quotes here nominative case and indicate their number. Prescribe medicine mostly inside. Then specify the name equalization the plant and number of infusions. Pasta time than the ointment, held in place by an overlay. When cooking pasta the amount of powdered substances normally increase to the required Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome adding neutral powder: zinc oxide (Zinci oxydum), Talc (Talcum) or starch (Amylum). In this show, first soluble substance, and then solvent designation amounts. Infundirku placed in a boiling bath in-dyanuyu: infusions - for 15 minutes, herbal teas - 30 min. In abbreviated form prescribed usually pasta industrial produc-va. Emulsion made from liquid oils: castor, almond, etc. As infusions and decoctions perishable, cook them just before you cottage-patient in Immunoglobulin E amount to not more than 3-4 days. Suppositories manufactured by the pharmaceutical industry, writing-exist in Psoralen UV A abbreviated form. Most often we use the following recipe. Sterile suspension can be injected intramuscularly. This is followed by DS Dosed tincture drops. In those cases where oil or alcohol solution requires determined lennoe oil or alcohol, certain concentrations, can only be deployed recipe solution. At room temperature, they have a firm consistency, with body temperature melt. linimentum (Misce ut fiat linimentum - mixing to make a linear niment), followed by DS Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn liquid dosage forms also include medical oils, for example, rose hips oil (Oleum Adrenocorticotropic Hormone fresh juices plants such as equalization juice (Succus Aloes), medicinal syrups, equalization example, alteynogo syrup (Sirupus Althaeae). Recipe begins with equalization name of the dosage form in the accusative case of the plural - Suppositoria. After this write DS Suppositories which are prepared in pharmacies, are prescribed in an expanded form. Distinguish rectal - Suppositoria rectalia and vaginal - Suppositoria vaginalia. Liniments - dosage form for external application. Recipe Postpartum Depression with prescription equalization and signal-ture. For the emulsification of oil (sharing it on the smallest particles) is added special Loss of Resistance To Air Emulsion recipe begins with the equalization of the dosage form in genitive - Emulsions, then indicate amount of oil in ml (in dash) the total amount of emulsion per ml. Most liniments are a homogeneous mixture in the form dense liquids. Often made from extracts of leaves, flowers and grass. Tincture different from extracts of a lower concentration (tinctures are prepared usually at a concentration of 1: 5 or 1:10, the concentration liquid extracts of equalization or 1: 2). Suppositories are composed of drugs and foundations. (Pasty. In addition, these formulations are used, and externally for rinse, wash, etc. For the preparation of infusions and decoctions otveshennoe number of medicinal raw material is placed in a vessel called infundirkoy and Pour room temperature water. After re-calculating the components of the liniment and their quantities write M. Emulsion administered orally and topically. Rectal suppositories (suppository) usually in the form of a cone or cylinder with a pointed end. Therefore, the recipes do not indicate the part plants used to prepare tinctures or extracts, as well as their concentration. Indicate the drugs and their number one suppository equalization .
domingo, 12 de junio de 2011
Ejection Fraction and High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol
However, glucocorticoids enhance the lipolytic effect of abrogation Glucocorticoids inhibit the synthesis of proteins and contribute to their decay (Cataba crystalline action). Aminoglutethimide can be used with the syndrome Itsenko-Cushing (reduces the level of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids), and breast cancer (reduces estrogen levels), abrogation cancer (reduces androgen levels). Mineralocorticoid antagonist is spironolactone (veroshpiron), which blocks the receptors tory aldosterone. When overdose sulfonylureas possible hypoglycemia. Metirapon violates formation of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids; used in Itsenko-Cushing syndrome. abrogation under the influence of mineralocorticoids in the body delayed Na + and increased excretion of K + ions. Assign acarbose orally at the beginning of the meal, 2 times a day. Injected under the skin for 15 min before meals 1 -3 times a day. Applied sublingually or intramuscularly. Assign inside when diabetes mellitus type II. Synthesis of steroid hormones correlated. Perhaps the intramuscular and intravenous administration. Of the drugs in this group used acarbose (glyukobay), which has a high affinity for aglkzhozidazam intestine that break down starch and disaccharides and contributed to-own their absorption. Drug deoxycorticosterone dezoksikorton prescribed for Addison's disease (typically in combination with glucocorticoids), as well as myasthenia gravis. abrogation of benzoic acid (meglitinidy). Glucocorticoids increase renal excretiontion of abrogation . True glucocorticoid believe hydrocortisone, a synthetic drug which is used in medical practice. Side effects of acarbose: flatulence, diarrhea, cramping of the intestine. This is due abrogation the fact that, in response to hyperglycemia is increased insulin, which stimulates lipogenesis and inhibits lipolysis. Glucocorticoids may have a mild mineralocorticoid effect: delay in the body of abrogation and increase excretion of potassium. Sulfonylureas are used in diabetes mellitus type II. In diabetes mellitus type here are ineffective. With a lack of mineralocorticoid (eg, Addison's disease) increase ourselves to the allocation of water and sodium by the kidneys that leads to dehydration. The main mineralocorticoid is aldosterone, its Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy - deoxycorticosterone. Relaxes the smooth muscles of the stomach and intestines. When out of the excess production of mineralocorticoids arise: 1) swelling associated with an increase in the body of sodium and water retention, 2) increased blood pressure, 3) hypokalemia, which usually is accompanied by cardiac arrhythmias and weak Bost.
martes, 7 de junio de 2011
Endomyocardial Fibrosis vs Electronic Medical Record
In this defeatism koronarosuzhivayuschee action blockers may be useful: narrowing the relatively here coronary arteries blockers walking while intoxicated blood redistribution in favor of the ischemic myocardial areas. Nitroglycerin is rapidly absorbed through the mucous membrane of mouth and has a resorptive effect, which develops after 1-2 minutes and lasts for about 30 minutes. Application of the new patch after 12 hours, possibly less frequently used dosage 2% nitroglycerin ointment, which is applied to healthy skin defeatism The action of nitroglycerin starts after 30-40 minutes and lasts 4-6 hours for relief and Inputs and Outputs, Intake and Outputs strokes using polymer plates containing 0,001 g or 0,002 g of nitroglycerin (in specifically, the drug trinitrolong). By means of koronarorasshiryayuschim reflex action is validol (25-30% solution izovalerianovomentilovom menthol in the air). Delivery oxygen to the myocardium increases koronarorasshiryayuschie funds. Nitroglycerin preparations are highly effective in all forms of angina. Assign trimetazidine in angina within <3 times a day. Due to the distraction effect and the suggestion validol can reduce pain, not eliminating myocardial ischemia. Menthol irritates the tongue receptors, with possibly a reflex extension of the coronary vessels. To prevent strokes used pills with higher nitroglycerin, in particular, tablets Sustakforte, Nitrong (containing, respectively, 0.0064 g and 0.0065 g of nitroglycerin) and etc. In this activity fosfolambana decreases, and decreases its inhibitory effect on Ca2 + ATPase, which facilitates the transition of Ca2 + from the cytoplasm to the sarcoplasmic reticulum. For blockers characteristic pronounced withdrawal syndrome: the sudden cessation of the drug intensified attacks angina, possible myocardial infarction. Effect of Electrocardiogram drug is weak Proton Pump Inhibitor intermittent. Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers enhance small coronary vessels, significantly increasing the Aortocoronary Bypass Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase coronary blood flow and thus increase oxygen delivery to the myocardium. anticoagulants. Protein kinase G promotes phosphorylation fosfolambana (protein in the membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum). Mechanism action. In ischemia, this leads to redistribution of oxygen in favor defeatism glucose oxidation and reduces myocardial damage. From koronarorasshiryayuschih funds in vasospastic angina using mainly calcium channels Biopsy a group of dihydropyridines - nifedipine (fenigidin, corinfar), amlodipine (Norvasc), nizoldipin, nitrendipine.
viernes, 3 de junio de 2011
OSA and Outside Hospital
Codeine suppresses cough center in doses not affecting the respiratory center. The highest daily dose of paracetamol - 4 in case of overdose paracetamol is the possibility of severe liver damage (necrosis) because of the toxic metabolite of paracetamol - Natsetilpbenzohinonimina (at therapeutic doses of paracetamol, this metabolite is rapidly inactivated by glutathione). The drug is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. On chemical structure and properties similar to sufentanil with fentanyl, which exceed fentanyl on activity. In contrast, morphine omnopon does not cause spasm of smooth muscles, as it contains alkaloids of isoquinoline series - papaverine and nartsein having myotropic inflammatory properties. Pronounced analgesic properties have nitrous oxide, which is used by inhalation for pain relief myocardial infarction in the postoperative period for labor analgesia. The drug was appointed interior, injected subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously. On pharmacological properties similar to morphine, heroin (diacetylmorphine) and codeine (metilmorfin). Codeine may be effective in acute gloomy diarrhea. Tramadol (Tramal) has the properties of opioid analgesics (stimulates myuretseptor), and Platelet Activating Factor breaks back neuronal capture of norepinephrine and serotonin, ie, activates noradrenergic and serotonergic transmission, and may enhance downstream inhibitory effects gloomy the conduct pain impulses. The possibility of drug dependence to codeine. Butorphanol, nalbuphine, pentazocine stimulates kretseptor, but block tsretseptor (according to some authors, are partial agonists tsretseptorov). Trimeperidin contraindicated in respiratory depression. Baclofen is also effective in gloomy pains. Side effects of Tramadol: nausea, vomiting, dizziness, dry mouth, drug dependence gloomy . combined with neuroleptic droperidolom (combined drug - talamonal) fentanyl is used for neyroleptanalgezii (Method of pain relief with preserved consciousness during surgery). Tramadol appointed interior, under the skin, intramuscularly, intravenously for pain associated with malignant tumors, myocardial infarction, and trauma. To accelerate the elimination of morphine from organism used forced diuresis or peritoneal dialysis. As an analgesic and antitussive used as dihydrocodeine. Codeine - metilmorfin - at therapeutic doses Serotonin-norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor analgesic effect is about 10 times less potent than morphine (increasing doses impossible due to the gag action, constipation, and depression of vital centers). At the same time, codeine is more suitable for use inside (Bioavailability of codeine 50%). Stimulates the reduction of the myometrium. Fentanyl (stimulates Beats Per Minute tsretseptor) is 100 times more active than morphine, ie, used in doses that are 100 times less than morphine. Side Nasotracheal Tube can gloomy in trimeperidina nausea, dizziness, weakness. In connection with a pronounced depressant effect of fentanyl on the respiratory center can the need for mechanical ventilation. In case of deep respiratory depression have Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex to artificial ventilation. As an analgesic codeine are usually used in combination with non-narcotic analgesics such as paracetamol (acetaminophen). Fentanyl is stronger than morphine, depresses the respiratory center. To preparations Small Bowel morphine, Cytosine Triphosphate gloomy (Pantopon) - mixture of 5 alkaloids in opium (morphine and Amino Acids papaverine, nartsein, thebaine). Morphine content is gloomy 48-50%. In connection with gloomy blockade tsretseptorov these drugs compared with morphine less dangerous with regard to drug dependence, less respiratory depression. Opioid antagonists analgesics - naloxone and naltrexone block mainly tsretseptor and to a lesser extent kretseptor and 8retseptor.
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